发电机定子冷却水管路堵塞的原因分析及处理

利用FLAC模拟了不同岩石峰后脆性条件下圆形巷道围岩的破坏区分布及能量释放规律。在计算中,采用了应变软化本构关系及"先加载,后挖洞"方式。模拟结果表明,随着峰后脆性的增加,围岩中发生破坏的单元变多,释放的弹性应变能总量增加,巷道围岩越来越难于再次达到平衡状态;尽管在一些算例中出现了沿环向发展的破坏区,但是不认为这与分区破裂化现象有关;难于采用二维的滑移线或破坏特征线解释分区破裂化现象。围岩分区破裂化现象的研究可从三维连续介质模型的空间局部化视角出发,亦可从二维颗粒体模型的颗粒相互作用机制视角出发,这两种思路都引入了二维连续介质模型中不具备的因素。     

基于细观尺度的岩体开挖渐进破坏模拟研究

岩土渐进式地质灾害是当前岩土工程领域的重要研究课题。基于颗粒离散元法导出颗粒连接损伤模型,建立岩石细观离散模型,进行不同颗粒参数条件下的岩石单轴受压数值模拟。结果表明,岩石细观颗粒间相互黏结力是影响颗粒黏结破坏的主要因素;颗粒间摩擦系数是影响宏观强度的敏感参数,单轴受压试验形成接近45°剪切带,数值模拟与试验结果较好吻合,验证了该模型的合理性。建立岩体开挖细观离散模型,模拟不同地层条件下的开挖过程,对比分析了开挖未支护和支护情况下检测点的沉降差异。研究发现,未支护支撑下,深层开挖时,检测点的位移沉降较浅层开挖时明显;支护可以有效降低围岩变形,防止拉应力产生。本文从细观上揭示岩体开挖条件下渐进式破坏过程形成机制,为更深入研究岩土力学特性和滑动断裂的形成与发展等渐进破坏过程提供了理论和技术支撑。     

钻机除尘设备的一种控制方法及其装置

针对工矿企业的除尘系统,提出了一种脉冲式除尘设备控制方法,将脉冲阀作为被控对象,并可任选同时工作的阀门,脉冲阀的工作时序为启动延时后,阀门按通电、断电时序反复进行,直到扩展时间到或停止信号到来,每个环节时间可调。基于单片机,研制了除尘设备控制装置。现场运行表明,该方法易于实现,其控制装置具有体积小、低功耗、可靠性高等优点。     

大变形巷道弹性锚喷混凝土耦合支护技术研究及应用

为提高层理地质条件下大变形巷道的稳定性,延长巷道使用寿命,采用具有较大变形承载能力的喷钢纤维混凝土与弹性锚杆耦合支护技术加固围岩。首先研究层理状地质条件下高应力软岩巷道的破坏特点及规律,确立支护结构和时效耦合的关系,并通过钢纤维混凝土试样的动静荷载试验,研究混凝土强度与钢纤维掺量的关系,得到喷钢纤维混凝土合理的钢纤维掺量。此外,针对大变形巷道开挖初期变形量大、破坏速度快的特点,设计具有让压吸能作用的新型弹性锚杆,并将此弹性锚杆结合喷钢纤维混凝土技术进行工业试验,试验的位移监测结果表明:该方案位移量比原方案减小约50%,且支护10个月后未出现裂缝。     

深部巷道围岩变形的数值模拟和模型试验

为研究煤柱宽度和煤层倾角对深部沿空巷道围岩的变形影响规律,采用数值模拟对沿空巷道煤柱宽度和煤层倾角的变化对围岩的变形影响规律进行分析,结果表明,煤柱宽度的变化对巷道围岩变形的影响十分明显。随着煤层倾角的增大,巷道围岩变形曲线呈现凹槽形状,表现出在煤层倾角中间值的巷道围岩变形值小于煤层小倾角和大倾角对应的巷道围岩变形值。然后,用模型试验验证数值模拟结果。验证结果表明,煤柱宽度和煤层倾角对应的巷道围岩变形较敏感期发生在开采深度600 m和900 m左右,开采深度在600～900 m之间时,巷道围岩变形与煤柱宽度和煤层倾角的大小基本上呈线性增长关系,而当开采深度超过900 m后,应适当加宽护巷煤柱宽度,以确保深部巷道围岩的稳定。     

石方爆破作业爆破冲击波事故分析

在进行工程爆破时,爆破所产生的飞石、振动、空气冲击波、噪音和毒气是公认的爆破公害,尤其是振动和飞石在爆破过程中是不可避免的危害.针对在实际工程中,由于爆破冲击波造成的人员伤害和设备的损害以及引起该事故发生的危险因素,采用事故树分析方法得到影响顶事件的最小割集,通过计算基本事件的结构重要度,确定了影响爆破冲击波事故的主要因素,并提出相应的安全措施,对降低爆破冲击波效应的影响以及降低露天爆破安全事故有重要意义.     

Spectrum characteristics analysis of microseismic signals transmitting between coal bedding

This study was performed to investigate the propagation law of microseismic signals transmitting along the direction parallel and vertical to the bedding in the process of coal rock rupture under uniaxial compression. Microseismic signals during the whole process of coal-rock deformation fracture until burst failure was tested by using the coal rock rupture microseismic experimental system. The empirical mode decomposition graphic, Hilbert spectrum and time-frequency spectrum were obtained by using Hilbert-Huang Transform or HHT. Also the microseismic signals transmitting along the direction parallel and vertical to the bedding in the process of coal rock rupture were spectrum comparative analyzed with EMD analysis method. Results show that amplitude and velocity of microseismic signals changed very small along the parallel direction to bedding in the process of propagation, but microseismic signals delayed and amplitude weakened obviously along the vertical direction to bedding. Signal delay and signal attenuation were confirmed that bedding impact on microseismic wave transmitting.     

Research progress on electromagnetic radiation in gas-containing coal and rock fracture and its applications

This paper reviews the status quo of the research on electromagnetic radiation in gas-containing coal and rock fracture. It focuses mainly on the electromagnetic radiation phenomena, the generation mechanism, characteristics, law of change and experimental applications in the field. Based on the authors’ research work in the past decade, detailed discussions are made with respect to the engineering applications of electromagnetic radiation spectrum, law of transmission and signal collection of gas-containing coal and rock. Furthermore, the paper gives the prospect of electromagnetic radiation effects in coal and rock fracture and its applications.     

Stability of workface using long-wall mining method in extremely thin and gently inclined iron mine

Long-wall mining method has its own advantages, such as small mining-cutting ratio, the simple technique of recovery and high level of mechanization, which is the optimal method used to mine gently inclined and extremely thin iron mine. How to ensure the safety of workers and equipment during mining is the key technical process. Based on elastic-plastic mechanics theory, the mechanic model of long-wall method mining gently inclined and extremely thin iron mine is established and the critical safety distance of workface is obtained. With the FLAC-2D simulation software, the rule of stress change, the deformation of workface and surrounding rock in different control-roof width are also summarized. The final results accord with the ones of theory test. We confirm the support-frame resistance of workface by analogy-statistic method. The results prove that hydraulic support-frame have the ability to provide enough pressure to assure the stability of working face within the 5-m of control-roof width.     

二次采动下沿空留巷围岩变形及其控制研究

针对二次采动下沿空留巷围岩变形控制困难问题,揭示了沿空留巷围岩变形规律,建立了二次采动下沿空留巷围岩变形力学模型,推导出了围岩变形的理论公式,据此分析了围岩变形的影响因素,提出了支护对策,并进行了工程实践。结果表明:围岩变形理论公式与现场实测值基本一致;顶底板移近量以底鼓为主,底鼓量为直接底压曲量与老底挠曲量的最大值;各因素对围岩变形影响程度依次为巷旁支护体宽度、迭加应力集中系数、采高、采深、老底弹性模量。围岩变形控制对策应围绕关键性影响因素进行,据此提出“锚网索+高强度墩柱+老底注浆”耦合支护对策,工程实践表明,沿空留巷围岩变形稳定,得到了有效控制。